On ICC ban on transwomen in Women’s World Cup
Can a sport’s commitment to inclusion align with its aim to protect the integrity of the game? That is the question thrown up by the new set of eligibility rules approved by the International Cricket Council (ICC) on November 21. The rules bar players who have transitioned from male to female and have been through puberty from playing in international women’s matches, regardless of any surgery or gender reassignment treatment they may have undergone. As per the ICC, the rules are based on the following principles, in order of priority: “protection of the integrity of the women’s game, safety, fairness and inclusion.” They have effectively ended the international career of Canada’s Danielle McGahey who, only two months ago, became the first transgender cricketer to play in an official international game.
The argument against the inclusion of trans athletes in women’s games is based on the perceived physical advantage they gain — greater lung capacity, stronger bones, more lean muscle mass — from having undergone male puberty. However, research that compares the actual pre and post transition performance of transgender athletes is limited and the question cannot be treated as settled. Some sporting bodies, notably in swimming, have got around the issue by introducing open categories for trans athletes, but a long-term resolution would require not only more nuanced policy, but also more research on the science of gender and its relation to sports.
The ICC rules underline the dilemma that sports bodies around the world have been grappling with since the landmark 2004 ruling by the International Olympic Committee which allowed transgender athletes to participate in the Olympics. As the universal understanding of gender progresses beyond the binary, fairness in sport — a key marker of that most vaunted of attributes called sportsmanship — cannot exist alongside exclusion. Put another way, for how much longer would a transgender person have to make a heartbreaking choice between affirming their identity and pursuing a sport that they love?